EP11 · 8 min

Prompting mastery: anatomy, few-shot, structured outputs

Learn a prompt framework that improves consistency, control, and downstream parsing.

Simple definition
Good prompts define role, task, constraints, input format, and expected output format.
Precise definition
Prompt design is an interface specification for probabilistic sequence generation under context and decoding constraints.

Objective

You should be able to design prompts that survive real user variability.

Prompt anatomy

A robust prompt often includes:

  • Role or perspective.
  • Task objective.
  • Constraints and non-goals.
  • Input delimiters.
  • Output schema.

Few-shot usage

Examples reduce ambiguity. Show one or two ideal outputs when style or schema matters.

In our store assistant, you can provide examples of complaint summaries with required fields:

  • issue_type
  • urgency
  • customer_sentiment
  • action_recommendation

Structured outputs

When integrating with backend systems, demand JSON shape explicitly. This avoids brittle regex parsing and improves reliability.

Worked example (online store)

Prompting a support triage assistant:

  • Input: raw customer message.
  • Output: strict JSON with known keys.
  • Constraint: if confidence is low, return needs_human_review: true.

This design turns model output into a safer workflow primitive.

Three takeaways

  • Prompting is product interface design.
  • Few-shot examples improve consistency.
  • Structured outputs reduce integration risk.

Visual Stage

Interactive walkthrough

Visual walkthrough: prompt anatomy

Tap each prompt segment to see its role.

Step Insight

Defines perspective and style constraints for the assistant behavior.

Common traps
  • Vague goals without acceptance criteria.
  • Mixing instructions and raw data without delimiters.
  • Asking for structured data but not specifying schema.
Three takeaways
  • Prompt clarity reduces variance.
  • Few-shot examples anchor output style and structure.
  • Structured output contracts simplify integration.
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